Part I: Antitrust EnforcementIntroduction2025 marked a pivotal chapter for antitrust enforcement in India, with the Competition Commission of India (CCI) issuing approximately 50 orders spanning…
AbstractIn 2025, one of the most important innovations in Hungarian competition legislation was that the HCA (Hungarian Competition Authority) – following an accelerated sector inquiry and even…
The UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (the "CMA") has unveiled its Annual Plan for 2026–2027 (the "Plan"), setting out the authority's strategic priorities and workplan for the year ahead.The…
On 11th March 2026, the Austrian Higher Regional Court for Cartel Cases handed down the highest antitrust fine ever imposed in Austria, amounting to € 146 million.Initially, the decision on STRABAG…
The most prominent developments in recent years have taken place in the merger control field. Besides and pending the long-overdue introduction of a domestic merger control regime, the Luxembourg…
Beyond mediation: the deeper costs of the Supreme Court’s drive to standardize truck cartel damages litigation. Voluntary in form, coercive in toneThe recent non-jurisdictional agreement of the…
In response to the sharp increase in fuel prices following the military conflicts in the Middle East, Germany plans a new bill with notable implications for competition law. The new Fuel Policy…
The EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR, Regulation (EU) 2022/2560) is a tool adopted to address distortions in the EU internal market caused by subsidies from non-EU governments. It entered into…
The European Commission has published for public consultation proposal to revise the General Block Exemption Regulation on State aid (GBER), with its entry into force scheduled for 1 January 2027.…
The following is a selection of some important developments in German competition law and policy in the year 2025. It covers FCO enforcement cases under special rules for digital gatekeepers,…
