Shortly before the Christmas recess, the Court of Justice delivered its judgment in Lukoil I (Case C-245/24), offering important guidance on the application of the Bronner doctrine (Case C-7/97) in a…
The Commission moved its ex officio investigation into the Chinese manufacturer of security equipment Nuctech to the in-depth phase. Nuctech had tried to stop the inspection by the Commission by…
Significant amendments to the Bulgarian Competition Protection Act ("CPA") have recently entered into force, marking a substantial evolution in the country's competition law framework. These reforms…
The European Commission (“Commission”) has announced[1] that it has imposed administrative fines totaling EUR 157 million on the Gucci, Chloé and Loewe brands for engaging in resale price maintenance…
On 31 October 2025, the Supreme Court of India (Supreme Court) in re: Summoning Advocates who give legal opinion or represent parties during investigation of cases and related issues , drew the…
Introduction2025 is proving a busy year for merger control in China, as the State Administration for Market Regulation (“SAMR”) – China’s antitrust authority – is beefing up merger control…
The DMA promised a single approach to digital markets throughout the EU, to enhance effectiveness and reduce regulatory burden. Three years after its entry into force, these objectives are under…
IntroductionPlatforms such as Meta Platforms Ireland Limited (hereinafter, "META"), YouTube and Alphabet Inc. have developed commercial strategies whose value depends directly on the creation of…
On 16 October 2025, Commercial Court No. 14 of Madrid delivered a judgment[1] of notable relevance in the well-known Spanish Dairy Cartel case. The decision, issued by Judge Ms Carmen González Suárez…
Does the European Commission’s (Commission’s) second conditional approval under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) signal a new approach to sustainability issues in EU merger cases? On…
