The EU General Court has handed down two significant judgments clarifying the boundaries of the European Commission’s powers to issue requests for information (RFIs) in merger control proceedings.…
Spain has become one of Europe's leading laboratories for cartel damages litigation without ever developing an effective collective redress mechanism. While the country still awaits the full…
A New Enforcement FrontierIn recent weeks, the Brazilian antitrust authority - the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (CADE) - has led two significant developments signaling a new frontier…
The General Court (GC) issued its second ruling relating to the European Commission’s (EC) role in designating undertakings as gatekeepers under the Digital Markets Act (DMA) in its judgment of 3…
IntroductionCanadian review of foreign investments is governed by the federal Investment Canada Act (ICA).The ICA contains two separate regimes. Under the ICA’s socioeconomic review regime, the…
On 12 May 2026, the German Federal Court of Justice (“FCJ”) handed down a groundbreaking judgment which has the potential to be a competition law decision named in the same row with, e.g. for…
The right to conduct unannounced inspections — the perquisition du matin, to borrow the French expression that found its way into the Strasbourg lexicon — is simultaneously competition enforcement’s…
– On a Federal Court of Justice acting in self-defence, a legislature conspicuous by its absence, and the quiet decline of Germany as a forum for justice –There are judgments that decide the law. And…
The Court of Justice rules on the request for a preliminary ruling submitted by the Austrian Supreme Court (Oberster Gerichtshof) concerning the application of Article 3 of Directive 2014/104/EU of…
AbstractThis article examines the European Commission’s 2026 Draft Merger Guidelines, focusing on the newly formalized “theory of benefit”. While the integration of merger efficiencies into the…
