IntroductionIn 2026, the European Commission adopted new Guidelines on the application of Article 102 TFEU, setting out for the first time a structured framework for assessing exclusionary abuses —…
On 8 September 2025, the European Commission (“EC”) imposed a fine of €172,000 on Eurofield SAS (“Eurofield”) and its then-parent company Unanime Sport SAS (“Unanime Sport”) for providing incomplete…
