The European Commission’s study on 20 years of EU antitrust remedies finds that while most remedies in antitrust cases were implemented, less than half achieved their intended effect.
EU law…
Time present and time past
Are both perhaps present in time future,
And time future contained in time past.
From T. S. Eliot, Four Quartets
Establishing an antitrust infringement can already…
The UK’s Competition & Markets Authority (CMA) is taking significant steps to evolve its approach to merger control, introducing a new Mergers Charter and launching a review of its merger…
Introduction
In 2024, the Netherlands Authority for Consumer & Markets (“ACM”) in the Netherlands made some steps in shaping the landscape of competition law and policy. The year was marked by a…
Significant competition law developments emerged in Chile during 2024. While this summary does not provide a detailed description of how Chile’s competition enforcement system operates (for that,…
2024 marked the 10th year since the Georgian Competition and Consumer Agency (GCCA or Agency) started operating as an independent competition enforcer. Created to satisfy an obligation under the 2014…
In recent years, one could have argued that merger control dominated Estonia’s competition enforcement landscape, with high-profile cases setting precedents. However, 2024 painted a different picture…
Introduction and Summary
As we move forward from 2024, it is time to reflect on last year’s main developments within Swedish competition law. The Swedish Competition Authority (the “SCA”) has been…
Below we cover the main competition law developments in Spain in 2024, concerning (i) institutions and legislation, (ii) antitrust, (iii) mergers and (iv) State aid.
Institutions and…
Intro
The year 2024 witnessed significant legislative developments and active enforcement of the Antimonopoly Act (“AMA”) by the Japan Fair Trade Commission (“JFTC”). The year also saw increased…
