Competition Law 2025

The year 2025 marked a dynamic and period of important developments in Bulgarian competition law and policy, characterised by notable legislative reforms and enhanced enforcement activity. The most…

2025 can be characterised as the year in which Estonia’s competition enforcement system finally reached the end of its transitional phase. With the ECN+‑related amendments now fully in force,…

2025 was a handoff year for American antitrust. Would “MAGA Antitrust” embrace Biden’s populist direction or dismantle it?On one hand, new leadership rejected Biden-era regulatory ambitions. …

This past year marks the end of a multi-year series of transformative amendments to Canada’s Competition Act (Act). The most recent suite of amendments came into force in June 2025, ushering in a new…

General considerationsThe most relevant development in competition law and policy in Argentina in 2025 was the establishment of the National Competition Authority (the “NCA”) in November 2025. The…

The past two years have marked a decisive turning point in the evolution of Israeli competition law. The Israel Competition Authority (ICA) has adopted an increasingly assertive and interventionist…

The year 2025 has produced a series of significant developments in South Africa’s competition law landscape. These developments span merger control, cartel enforcement and digital market regulation…

It would not be an exaggeration to state that the year of 2025 will make itself known as one of the most eventful years in Latvian competition law scene – the conclusion of more than a decade-long…

Introduction and SummaryThe year 2025 saw significant developments in Norwegian competition law. The largest fine ever imposed by the Norwegian Competition Authority (NCA) for violations of…