I. Executive SummaryThe opinion delivered on 12 June 2025 by Advocate General Maciej Szpunar ("AG") before the European Court of Justice ("ECJ") in Case C-286/24 Meliá Hotels International v…
Advocate General Kokott has delivered her Opinion in the Google Android appeal, recommending that Google’s appeal be dismissed in its entirety and that the General Court’s 2022 judgment be upheld. In…
Kick-off – the Tondela Opinion and its Background
On 15 May 2025, AG Emiliou delivered his Opinion on the request for a preliminary ruling submitted by the Portuguese Tribunal da Concorrência,…
Introduction
Advocate General Emiliou delivered three interlocking Opinions concerning decisions of football governing bodies. Two of these cases were brought to challenge elements of the FIFA…
The scope of the protection of leniency documents appears to be the central issue when it comes to the discussion about whether there is a conflict between private and public enforcement. AG Szpunar…
On June 6, 2024, AG Collins rendered his opinion in the referral request by the Amsterdam District Court (“ADC”) regarding price parity clauses and product market definition in the context of…
On 30 April 2024, AG Szpunar issued his Opinion in Case C-650/22, FIFA v BZ. This gives the Court an opportunity to revisit and apply the December 2023 trilogy of sports cases decided by the Grand…
Introduction
On March 21st Advocate General Emiliou handed down his Opinion in Joined Cases C-611/22P and C-625/22P, respectively Illumina Inc. v. European Commission and Grail LLC, and Illumina Inc…
Interpreting and applying Article 102 TFEU – at least in all difficult cases that typically reach the courts – requires a combined reliance on both ‘reason’ and ‘fiat’. It requires reliance on …
