On 30 April 2025, the United States and Ukraine signed the long-awaited Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the United States of America on the Establishment of a United…
One could be forgiven for thinking that teaching international economic law in the United States (“U.S.”) is challenging these days. The U.S. has disabled the World Trade Organization's (“WTO”)…
The takeover of the Chinese-owned British Steel Limited by the UK Government under the Steel Industry (Special Measures) Act 2015 can lead to the submission of a dispute to investment treaty…
2024 witnessed significant developments concerning the Energy Charter Treaty (“ECT”), ranging from a new wave of withdrawals to the adoption of the modernised ECT in December. This post reviews the…
The Patel Engineering Limited (“PEL”) v the Republic of Mozambique tribunal, constituted under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules, dealt with pre-investment expenditures and whether such expenditures…
The EU-Angola Sustainable Investment Facilitation Agreement (“SIFA” or the “Agreement”) aims at facilitating sustainable investments. Contrary to traditional investment treaties, it does not include…
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ("KSA") is undergoing a transformative shift in its economy. In 2016, the KSA launched the Saudi Vision 2030, an initiative to, among others, attract foreign and domestic…
Early this year, the European Union (“EU”) finalized the required internal procedures for the entry into force of the Sustainable Investment Facilitation Agreement concluded between the European…
It took 16 years of negotiations for India and the European Free Trade Association (“EFTA”)—comprising Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein—to clinch a free trade agreement (“FTA”). The…
